ttps:////»https://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd»>
There are several types of orchestra, but their formation is always directly linked to the historical period in which the work to be performed was composed. “For example, baroque composers – including Bach, Vivaldi and Handel – used only chamber orchestras, consisting of two oboes, two horns, timpani and a small string formation, with six to ten violins, three violas, three cellos and a double bass”, says maestro Gil Jardim, from USP’s School of Communications and Arts. Later composers, from the Classicism era, such as Mozart and Haydn, had slightly larger orchestras at their disposal, with about 35 musicians: one or two flutes, two oboes, two clarinets, two bassoons, two trumpets, two horns, timpani and about 20 stringed instruments.
In the Romanticism of the 19th century, the orchestra grew even more. The Industrial Revolution itself helped perfect wind instruments, making it necessary to increase the number of strings to maintain balance. In the early 20th century, the orchestra used by Richard Wagner was expanded to close to 90 musicians. Finally, with the famous Sinfonia dos Mil, by Gustav Mahler, 300 instrumentalists and 700 choristers took to the stage.
ropes
Consisting of violins, violas, cellos and double basses. Violins are subdivided into two teams, called first and second violins, which play different notes to compose chords.
Woodwinds 1 – woodwinds
This category includes flutes, oboes, clarinets and bassoons. Although the transverse flutes are made of metal, they were formerly made of wood and were kept in this group.
Percussion
The arsenal of instruments of the genre varies according to the needs of the piece to be performed. Among the most used are timpani, cymbals, gong, drum, triangle, xylophone, marimba and vibraphone.
Woodwinds 2 – brass
They are the different types of cornet: trumpets, horns, trombones and tubas