Type 2 diabetes often goes unrecognized for many years because the mechanism that drives it (high blood sugar levels) is slow to rear its ugly head.
This can eventually result in damage to the extremities, primarily the feet.
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In fact, having diabetes means you’re more at risk of «serious foot problems,» and these can lead to amputation, Diabetes UK warns.
To put the numbers into perspective, the health body says you’re «20 times more likely to have an amputation» if you have diabetes.
Highlights 14 signs of foot problems that should be checked out by a doctor. These include:
- Tingling or tingling sensation (like numbness)
- pain (burning)
- a dull ache
- Shiny and smooth skin on your feet.
- Hair loss on legs and feet.
- Loss of sensation in the feet or legs
- Swollen feet
- your feet don’t sweat
- Wounds or sores that do not heal
- Cramps in the calves when resting or walking.
And if you notice any of these changes, says Diabetes UK, see your local foot team urgently:
- Changes in the color and shape of your feet.
- hot or cold feet
- Blisters and cuts you can see but not feel.
- Foul odor coming from an open wound.
How to avoid diabetes-related foot problems
The NHS says: «You should check your feet every day. Diabetes can reduce the blood supply to your feet and cause loss of sensation.»
As the health body explains, this means foot injuries don’t heal well and you may not notice if your foot is sore or injured.
«These problems can lead to ulcers and infections.»
Simple things are important, like:
- Keep your feet clean and dry to avoid infections.
- Try not to go out barefoot to avoid scratches and cuts.
- Wear shoes that fit well.
General tips to keep problems at bay
The key to avoiding the threat of diabetes complications starts with controlling your blood sugar levels.
There are two key pillars to blood sugar control: diet and exercise.
Regarding the first, there is nothing that diabetics cannot eat, but they must control the intake of certain foods.
The worst culprits are those that are high in carbohydrates.
Your body quickly breaks down carbohydrates and causes a rapid rise in blood glucose (sugar).
According to the glycemic index (GI), a ranking system for carbohydrate-containing foods, some of the worst offenders are sugar and sugary foods, sugary soft drinks, and white bread.
Instead, you should opt for foods that break down more slowly and cause a gradual rise in blood sugar levels over time.
These include:
- Some fruits and vegetables
- pulses
- Whole foods, such as porridge.
Type 2 diabetes, do you have it?
Many people have type 2 diabetes without realizing it. This is because the symptoms do not necessarily make you feel bad.
Symptoms of type 2 diabetes include:
- urinating more than usual, especially at night
- feel thirsty all the time
- feeling very tired
- lose weight without trying
- Itching around your penis or vagina, or repeated thrush
- Cuts or wounds that take longer to heal
- Blurry vision.
The NHS adds: «A GP can diagnose diabetes. You’ll need a blood test, so you may need to go to your local health center if it can’t be done at your GP’s office.»