Unusual fur markings on dogs such as Merle or Blue Line may be aesthetically pleasing, but they can be detrimental to affected animals serious health consequences have. There are three genes that can both affect coat color and endanger dogs' health – dilute gene, merle gene and white-spotted gene.
A better understanding of the potential health risks behind these striking coat colors is crucial to ensure both the animal's well-being and the reproduction of healthier dogs. It is therefore important to inform yourself and think critically about the topic.
Key takeaways
- Bring striking fur markings health risks for dogs with you
- Three jeopardizing genes are Dilute gene, Merle gene and White-spotted gene
- Informing and critically questioning are essential for the well-being of dogs
1. Dilute gene in dogs
Great coat color…with a health price. Dilute Gen.
Hair loss due to dilute gene
The Dilute gene causes a dog's coat color to lighten. A mutation on this gene promotes the production of the protein melanophilin, which black fur to gray-blue and brown fur to silver-brown brightens. These coat changes are noticeable from birth, but often pose health risks.
A dog that carries the dilute gene may suffer from a condition called Color Dilution Alopecia (CDA) get sick. CDA in dogs is evident Hair loss, bald spots in the fur and Skin inflammations. The disease often does not appear until the dog is six months or older. Therefore, affected puppies initially appear healthy, although they may not be.
Dogs with CDA need Lifelong intensive protection from sunlight and cold. The skin inflammations must be treated appropriately. A veterinarian may suspect CDA with a hair sample express, but a skin biopsy or genetic test is required to confidently diagnose the disease.
Dog Breeds Suffering from CDA
Some breeds are more often than others affected by CDA, including
- Whippet,
- Saluki,
- Dachshund and
- Newfoundland.
Sometimes the dilute gene specifically bred into a dogto make it visually appealing. An example is these Silver Labradors: According to the breed standard, Labradors are only in colors Black, yellow or brown allowed. However, the Dilute gene gives them a silver shimmering fur. Many people overlook the potential dangers of this coat color for the dog.
The so-called “Blue Line“ is popular with American Staffordshire Terriers and French Bulldogs, although here too Risk of CDA disease high is.
Weimaraners and Great Danes also carry the dilute gene, but resolve usually no CDA out of. Experts assume that These breeds lack certain geneswhich in combination with the dilute gene could cause CDA.
2. Merle gene in dogs
Particularly often affected by the Merle gene: Australian Shepherd
Diseases caused by the Merle gene
Dogs that have inherited two Merle genes often have deficiencies in pigment cells, which are necessary for the development of vision and hearing cells. This can result in such dogs being deaf and/or blind. Additionally, research shows that dogs with the double merle gene often suffer from the following problems:
- Clefts in the iris
- Skin cancer
- Sun sensitivity
- Skeletal malformations
Therefore, special care should be taken when selecting breeding animals to ensure the health of the offspring.
Recognition of the Merle gene
The Merle gene only affects the black-brown areas of the fur and causes them to lighten. Red-yellow fur remains unaffected. This means that dogs with reddish fur cannot always be seen externally as to whether they have the Merle gene or not.
Since this information is relevant to the mating of dogs, every responsible breeder should have their dogs pre-screened to ensure that two animals with the Merle gene are not crossed.
3. Genetic causes of white spotting in dogs
White spotting can cause deafness and impaired vision
deafness: In dogs with white spotting, melanocytes, cells responsible for pigmentation of the coat, are reduced. However, these are also essential for hearing as they help maintain the hair cells in the cochlea. This enables acoustic signals to be transmitted to the brain.
In white-spotted dogs, the lack of melanocytes can cause damage to these hair cells and ultimately unilateral or bilateral deafness. Deafness usually manifests itself around eight weeks of age.
Vision problems: The white spotting gene can also cause maldevelopment of the eye, causing affected dogs to see worse. Some animals with this coloring also suffer from skin problems. White spotting occurs in various dog breeds, such as the Dalmatian or the white bull terrier.
Example of white breeds with pigmentation: Samoyed, West Highland White Terrier
Example of breeds with white markings: Dalmatian, white bull terrier
Exotic fur colors are expensive
When choosing a dog, make sure it's not just about his looks. A unique and extraordinary appearance shouldn't be a deciding factor.
The dog's personality must suit you. Note that a dog with a special character can also be present with a less striking appearance, such as a silver Labrador or a white bull terrier.
Frequently asked questions
What does the “greying gene” mean in dogs?
The “greying gene” in dogs is a genetic factor that causes their coat to turn gray over time. It mainly affects dogs with dark fur and is a natural aging process. The graying gene can cause black or brown fur to gradually turn gray. It is important to note that the graying gene has no health effects on the dog and is purely an aesthetic characteristic.
What treatment options are there for CDA in dogs?
There are various treatment options for CDA in dogs, such as medications, special diets, and therapies. It is important to consult a veterinarian to determine the best option for the dog's individual case.
In which dog breeds does the Dilute gene occur?
The Dilute gene occurs in various dog breeds, including Weimaraner, Doberman, Greyhound and various greyhound breeds.
Are Weimaraners and Labradors affected by the Dilute gene?
Yes, both Weimaraners and Labradors can be affected by the Dilute gene. This gene can cause their fur to have a diluted color.
Can a dog be tested for CDA and what are the costs?
Yes, a dog can be tested for CDA. The cost of the test can vary depending on the veterinarian and laboratory. It is best to check with a veterinarian in your area for exact costs.
How does diet affect the treatment of CDA in dogs?
Diet can help treat CDA in dogs by using supplements and special diets that improve skin health and reduce inflammation. It is important to discuss this with a veterinarian.