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Yes, a plant can use the energy contained in electric light to carry out photosynthesis. But it’s not just taking a vase and putting it in an artificially lit room, no. To work, the place where the plant is must have a mixture of incandescent and fluorescent lamps. The process should only be done in a laboratory, because it can be harmful to the health of the plant. “The incandescent lights increase the temperature around the plant, causing the stomata to close due to the dehydration of the leaves”, says biologist Durvalina Maria Mathias dos Santos, professor of plant physiology at Unesp in Jaboticabal (SP). The stomata are the structures that carry out gaseous exchanges between the plant and the environment – closed, they can even cause the death of the plant. In addition to carrying out photosynthesis away from the sun, plants can survive even without land. Hydroponics, for example, is a technique of oriental origin in which cultivation is done only with water and nutrients, without soil. Nutrients added to water are the chemical elements that normally exist in soil, such as phosphorus and potassium.
vegetative state
How do plants photosynthesize in sunlight and artificial light?
NATURAL LIGHT
1. The Sun emits radiation throughout the entire electromagnetic spectrum, but the human eye only sees electromagnetic waves between 400 and 700 nanometers, a range called the visible spectrum. The colors we see in objects and in nature come from the different wavelengths in this range.
2. Smaller waves, from 380 to 440 nanometers, are violet in color. As the lengths increase, the color changes. In higher plants, photosynthesis takes place under the longest and least energetic wavelengths, which are the red ones (625 to 740 nanometers)
ARTIFICIAL LIGHT
1. Light bulbs, both incandescent and fluorescent, emit radiation across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. But there are small differences: incandescent light (that of “yellow” lamps) emits more wavelengths in the long-red range (700 nanometers)
2. Fluorescent light (the one present in lamps with a more “white” appearance) emits more wavelengths in the short-red range (680 nanometers range). Thus, for the plant to carry out photosynthesis in the laboratory, it must receive incandescent and fluorescent lights.